Until After Grokster

So I unfortunately will not be going down to DC for the Grokster oral argument because I will, quite fortunately, be taking a trip with my roommates to catch the end of events surrounding m3 and WMC
The usual suspects will have commentary on the day of the arguments,
I’m sure.  I’ll chip in sometime next week after I return. 
Until then, hit the blogroll.

Nearing Grokster

Petitioners have filed their reply brief in Grokster.
Nothing too unexpected; some egregiously bad arguments (see footnote 5,
for instance).  Pay careful attention to the arguments on both
sides about what past conduct/versions of the software are actually
before the court.

EFF has posted a very helpful summary of the various positions on both sides.

And EFF is also running a clever series on technologies protected by Sony.

Code v2 Wiki Project Up and Running

Lessig announced his wiki-based collaborative update to Code awhile ago – the website is now up and running (via pho).  (Somewhat related: see Lessig’s post yesterday about his decision to publish in law reviews only if they allow him to use an attribution-nc CC license.)

Standing in Broadcast Flag Case

See Susan Crawford’s post on the court’s request
for additional evidence regarding the petitioners’ standing int he
broadcast flag case.  Crawford concludes that “this court wants to
find standing.”  Certainly, the two judges in the majority lay out
in some detail exactly how the petitioners can convince them.  At
the same time, Judge Sentelle in dissent states that “standing is at
best questionable” and would have dismissed the case already. It seems
unlikely that he will change his mind even after the additional
briefing, so it looks as if petitioners must not only convince the
other two judges of standing but also rely on them alone to conclude
that the FCC lacked jurisdiction.

Sony Creates Incompatibility With Own Device

Sony’s involvement in DRM and interoperability issues generally makes me wanna retch
– this just makes me wanna laugh.  Apparently, Sony was not
content with making songs sold by its Connect music store unplayable on
basically any other company’s music device.  Sony now wants to make Sony-sold songs
incompatible with Sony-sold devices.

Via PostPlay comes this Engadget report on the new Sony Walkman phone.  At least when it is initially released, the phone will not
support Sony’s ATRAC3 music format and thus songs bought at the Sony
Connect music store cannot be played on the phone.  The phone can
play MP3 and AAC (though not FairPlay-wrapped AAC, of course), but
Connect’s OpenMG DRM prevents conversion into those formats.  A firmware upgrade may provide support at a later time.

JD Lasica Interview with Napster CEO

Engadget posted JD Lasica’s lengthy interview with Napster CEO Chris Gorog (via PostPlay).  Two particularly interesting quotes:

In response to a question about music licensing: “[A] compulsory
licensing of the music publishing would be a tremendous windfall for
digital music. It would be
a win-win-win for everyone. It would get more content out there for
consumers to enjoy. It would help propel our
business, letting us get closer to that celestial jukebox. All of these
teeny little music publishers from all over the
world would have an opportunity for substantial income. Compulsory
licensing is being discussed in Washington, and we’d
love for it to happen.”  (See also: the recent hearing on the mechanical compulsory license, as well as my notes on last year’s hearing.)

In response to a question regarding Napster’s catalog depth: “85 to 90
percent of the top 100 searches on Napster are successful. Consumers,
nine times out
of 10, will find what they’re looking for.”

More on Artists and P2P

Patrick Ross posted a follow-up to my post below. 
I think, in some sense, Patrick is absolutely right – this case is not
about P2P. It is ultimately about the secondary liability standards by
which we will judge all technologies.  It is about the
far-reaching consequences of the so-called “bad actor” or, perhaps more
accurately, bad-business-model standard that Ross advocates, as well as
the many other offered alternatives to Sony.  To many
artists who see the Internet and digital technologies as opening up
myriad beneficial distribution channels, the threat such standards
pose is grave. Counter to Ross’ claim, artists will indeed “lose
… valuable distribution outlet[s].”

As I suggested below,
this point holds even if you think P2P will still exist if respondents
are held liable.  On that point, I’m not sure either – in
particular, I highly doubt that decentralized P2P will be allowed to
exist under the forced redesign standards suggested by numerous
parties.  As suggested in the petitioners’ amici, filters will
require at least some form of centralization.

Regarding Ross’ proposed standard, I highly recommend reading Intel’s argument (18-19) against the SG’s standard. 
As an aside: it’s also worth noting that, given how Ross sets up the
standard, it will not reduce piracy in the least, as any amateur,
non-commercial P2P distributor will be allowed to exist. Of course,
Ross proposal could still, as a legal matter, be a principled
view of what the standard should be, but it’s worth realizing that it
will probably not produce the beneficial policy consequences that
those who push for reversal are hoping for.  In this way, too,
this case has little to do with P2P – P2P and the infringements it enables will likely keep rolling along just fine.

Grokster, Ye Harlot

Cannot resist quoting the Recording Artists Coalition’s press release in response to the musical artists brief supporting respondents:



“In a surprising move today, a very small number of recording artists have publicly aligned themselves with those filing Supreme Court briefs in favor of Grokster and other unauthorized peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing services. While the Recording Artists’ Coalition (RAC) supports the right of any recording artist to freely express his/her opinion in public, it is unfortunate when artists are seduced into believing that unauthorized P2P systems benefit our society and artists’ careers.


….We look forward to the upcoming debate, and are confident that once exposed to the facts, these artists will realize they have been used in an unseemly way to promote the interests of those who care the least about the well being of artists and our culture.” (emphasis, mine)


Return to the flock, lest your soul be lost forever.


Patrick Ross offers some similar sentiments in a post misleadingly entitled “Artists Support Piracy.”  Ross is “baffled” that artists would file with respondents and implies that the only desperate artists or those who hate the recording industry would do so – any right-thinking artist would know better.  After all, large artist organizations filed for petitioners, so these artists filing for respondents are just a negligible fringe.


Todd Beals’ comment is a little less strong, but also considers the brief “surprising.”  He asks the rhetorical questions: “While it’s true that the technology allows disintermediation and provides a direct new channel, does the inexpensive but efficient ability to reach a global audience for the artist really balance out the culpability of the P2P services? Exposure is always a good thing for an artist of any size, but at what price or opportunity cost does it then become palatable?” 


The answer is that yes, these artists do see P2P as beneficial – that’s the entire point of the brief.  The brief notes that even NARAS concedes that many artists feel this way.  The artists filing this brief do not presume to speak for all artists; however, just as the artists supporting petitioners want to decide how their works are used, the artists supporting respondents want to decide how to distribute their works and thus the freedom to continue using this distribution channel.  As Professor Lessig points out in the Creative Commons brief, “[T]here can be no doubt that extending secondary liability in this case is a choice to burden one set of interests over another.”  This should not be overlooked.


Many people point out that even if Grokster were forced to filter, artists would be able to authorize their works to be traded for free. However, even setting aside the problems with a filtering solution, this response misses a key point.  Wary of ruinous statutory damages, tech creators will avoid creating new distribution technologies if they cannot be sure that infringing uses are sufficiently blocked.  What “sufficiently” means, as well as determination of what exactly constitutes an infringing use, will be subject to costly, fact-intensive litigation.    In turn, technology creators will be chilled, and artists like those filing this brief will not be able to take advantage of possible advances in distribution channels – channels that, like P2P, many artists see as helping them succeed outside the traditional music industry.


What surprises me is that Beals/Ross/et al. are at all surprised that artists think P2P is beneficial and want to protect P2P and future innovation in distribution channels.  Really, is this at all novel?  That some portion of artists view P2P as beneficial is such conventional knowledge that even McPaper had an article noting it.  Not only do artists see P2P as a way to gain exposure, but they also want to sell music through P2P – have you heard of WeedShare?  And have you noticed the musicians using Creative Commons licenses? 


It is one thing to naively think no artists consider P2P and Sony beneficial.  It is quite another to consider their interests illegitimate and to act as if the artists do not know what is in their best interests, as the RAC clearly does and Ross seems to do – it is remarkably condescending. 

CC Fine Art of Sampling Contest Winners Announced

And they’re really freaking good.  I esp. like “out of my way”.

PaidContent and Billboard’s New Music Blog

You might want to check out PaidContent‘s new venture with Billboard, Billboard Postplay.  PaidContent’s digital music biz coverage has been excellent in the past, and Rafat Ali is now joined by Todd Beals, who publishes a great digital media newsletter.  They’ve launched the new blog with coverage of this year’s Digital Music Forum, including audio from Wired Editor-in-Chief Chris Anderon’s interview with Shawn Fanning. 

Related Grokster Brief Info

Public Knowledge posted various explanatory docs for the Tuesday Grokster press conference, including an FAQ.  EFF has posted audio from the press conference.

PK also posted Robert Schwartz and Mike Godwin’s “Beyond Grokster: A Critique of the Models Proposed by Copyright and Law-and-Economics Authorities.”  On this score, I also highly recommend the Innovation Scholars and Economists brief.

Fisher, Zittrain, and Palfrey Brief

Particularly excited to point out the brief of Berkmanite Professors Fisher, Zittrain, and Palfrey.  Congrats to everyone who contributed in this endeavor.

Grokster Respondents Briefs Submitted Today

EFF seems to have already uploaded some.  Professor Felten notes submission of the CS Professors briefFrank points to an article about an artists’ brief.  Many more to come….

Spoofing’s Effectiveness

Joe Hall forwarded me “Content Availability, Pollution and Poisoning in File Sharing Peer-to-Peer Networks” by two SIMS researchers and a scientist from Amazon.com.  Professor Felten already has thoughtful commentary up on the piece.


[corrected as per Joe’s comment.]

Earth Station 5 No More, and Perhaps Never Was

A fascinating article
(via pho) about the history and demise of the Earth Station 5
file-sharing software.  The practical importance of this event is
rather minimal.  While Earth Station 5 was one of the more
prominent services touting its privacy protections, it is certainly not the only service to offer various protections. 

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